The Toba catastrophe hypothesis; fewer than 10,000 individual people living on Earth

The Toba catastrophe hypothesis was one prominent school of thought for many years. It proposes that the Toba supereruption caused a global cooling event that lasted up to six years. 

Its effects, according to the hypothesis, caused human population sizes to plummet to fewer than 10,000 individual people living on Earth.

The Conversation. "A supervolcano nearly wiped out humanity 74,000 years ago, but humans did something incredible." ScienceDaily.

ScienceDaily, 11 May 2026.

www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2026/05/260510234711.htm


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